The number of high earners in British banks rose 11% last year, with more than 2,700 people raking in above €1m (£833,000) at an average £1.6m - a rise of 35%.
The revelation from the European Banking Authority (EBA) threatens to reignite the row on bankers' pay in the wake of the financial crisis and various mis-selling and misconduct scandals.
News of the average total 2012 pay - including salaries, pensions and bonuses - for London's top earning bankers sparked a bitter response from the TUC.
The union organisation's general secretary Frances O'Grady said: "Britain's bankers are not suffering a cost of living crisis.
"The economic crash has led to the longest decline in living standards since the nineteenth century for ordinary people yet the bankers who caused it get richer every year."
According to the EBA, more than 3,500 bankers in Europe earned €1m or more in total - representing a big rise across the EU as a whole though Britain, with its larger financial services industry, had 12 times as many high earners as any other country.
The figures were released as the EU prepares to introduce caps, which would have easily been broken in London.
Regulators in Brussels decided that from 2014 bonuses for "risk-taking" staff can not exceed annual salary, or twice that if shareholders give their approval.
The data showed that banks in Britain and France in particular needed to adjust pay structures to meet new the rules because variable pay was almost four times fixed pay.
At least 10,000 bankers, most of them in London, are expected to be affected by the new bonus cap.
Banks such as Barclays, Deutsche Bank and HSBC are expected to cut bonuses and raise fixed pay to comply with the new rules.
The EBA figures, part of data-gathering efforts as the EU finalises the bonus cap rules, offer a rare glimpse into the pay of bankers across Europe.
Of the British bankers earning more than €1m, 2,188 worked in investment banking, 62 were in retail banking, 198 were in asset management and 266 were in other areas.
In Spain, which had to bail out its banking sector last year, the number earning at least €1m fell by a fifth to 100.
However, the average remuneration for those 100 was €2.2m, higher than Britain and Germany.
The figures include high earners from employees based in each country, rather than the domicile of the bank, so the UK figures - because of its dominance in financial services - include high earners from international lenders such as Goldman Sachs and JPMorgan.
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